Pulsed focused fields

Esr in Pulsed Fields

Very strong magnetic fields are needed to study magnetic resonances that are broadened by impurities, lattice deformation or other interactions such as the exchange energy in antiferromagnets. Certain phenomena that can be studied by means of magnetic resonances will occur only at very high magnetic fields, such as magnetic field induced phase transitions in the crystal lattice or in the arrang...

Optical interferometry with pulsed fields

Statistical optics, or coherence theory [1], can be used to predict the outcome of measurements made with nondeterministic light. Until recently, almost all optical experiments could be well-modelled within the framework of stationary, random processes (or wide-sense stationary processes if only second order statistics, such as field intensity, are of interest). It is desirable to work within s...

Pulsed electromagnetic fields and cancer.

Cryosurgery with Pulsed Electric Fields

This study explores the hypothesis that combining the minimally invasive surgical techniques of cryosurgery and pulsed electric fields will eliminate some of the major disadvantages of these techniques while retaining their advantages. Cryosurgery, tissue ablation by freezing, is a well-established minimally invasive surgical technique. One disadvantage of cryosurgery concerns the mechanism of ...

Polarization singularities of focused, radially polarized fields.

The state of polarization of strongly focused, radially polarized electromagnetic fields is examined. It is found that several types of polarization singularities exist. Their relationship is investigated, and it is demonstrated that on smoothly varying a system parameter, such as the aperture angle of the lens, different polarization singularities can annihilate each other. For example, the ev...